Defense programs face three layers of oversight: the Government Accountability Office, the Pentagon's inspector general, and Congress's own Nunn-McCurdy reporting rules. This guide explains what each body audits and what its reports change.
A short federal statute and long state memories keep state naval militias on the books, from New York's 1891 muster to today's disaster-response forces.
What 49 continuing resolutions since fiscal year 2011 cost the fleet: delayed ship maintenance awards, a $1.8 billion deferred backlog, and contract price increases documented by GAO.
One F-35C squadron, three Super Hornet squadrons, a Growler unit, an E-2D unit, and helicopters: how the Navy assembles a carrier air wing for a deployment.
The IMO's fuel and emissions rules now steer hull design and fuel supply for the world merchant fleet. A guide to MARPOL measures, the 2023 strategy, and the Net-Zero Framework.
A documentary guide to the Navy rank ladder, from seaman recruit and ensign through master chief and admiral, with pay grades and insignia explained tier by tier.
The contracts, tugs and engineering behind recovering wrecks, explained from the waterline up.
End-of-life tonnage moves through a cash market shaped by scrap steel prices, labor costs, and regulation.
How a ship is lifted clear of the sea, what workers inspect and fix while it sits on blocks, and why the docking cycle shapes both navy budgets and shipyard order books.
Civilian crews, commercial ships, and government sealift form the supply line that military operations depend on.